What is Greece's history and beginning?
The Beginning of Greece
Greece was separated by islands and the mainland was surrounded by mountains, which made all Greeks isolated from other civilizations. By being located by water, the sea influenced the evolution of their society. Mycenae was the first Greek state, where great warriors were developed, but they were defeated by the Dark Ages.
The Dark Ages were called so because not many records from this periods exist. The Dark Ages had disadvantages, like the population decline and the loss on food production; but advantages, like the production iron, the alphabet, and the poetry from Homer (which gave hope to the people during this time).
Homer wrote the poems of The Odyssey and The Illiad, which are known as epic poems. These poems were stories about heroes containing the qualities of excellence to win in a struggle. The poems gave the people of Greece hope during the Dark Ages.
The Dark Ages were called so because not many records from this periods exist. The Dark Ages had disadvantages, like the population decline and the loss on food production; but advantages, like the production iron, the alphabet, and the poetry from Homer (which gave hope to the people during this time).
Homer wrote the poems of The Odyssey and The Illiad, which are known as epic poems. These poems were stories about heroes containing the qualities of excellence to win in a struggle. The poems gave the people of Greece hope during the Dark Ages.
Sparta
In Sparta, the Spartans women were to raise their child, to become warriors for the military, alone while their husbands were off to war. The men had to fight for the military for 30 years and then had the chance to retire. Sparta's main focus point was the military. The social structure went from a few of the highest people, because of their government (oligarchy), to the nobles and priests, to the warriors, to the workers, to the farmers, and to the slaves.
Athens
Athens was different from Sparta. For starters, instead of only teaching kids about the military, they would learn about arts, literature, geography, ... Athens had a democracy, where instead of a few of the highest ranked people, it was a government by the people (all people, except women). Athens' focus point was the true education for the kids. Their social structure, much like Sparta's went from priests and nobles, to workers, to farmers, to slaves.
Alexander and the Hellenistic Era
While Macedonia and Greece were ruled by Alexander the Great, they successfully attacked the Persians and established a large empire. Alexander the Great ended up leaving a political, economical, and cultural legacy. After Alexander's absence, the Hellenistic kingdoms succeeded his empire. While Hellenistic cities were becoming the center of culture, advances in science were occurring.